Diagnosis of a Broken Finger
Diagnosis of a Broken Finger begins with a clinical evaluation followed by imaging tests to confirm the extent and location of the fracture. Accurate diagnosis of a broken finger helps determine whether the break is simple or complex and whether surgery, splinting, or buddy taping is required for proper healing.
The process starts with a full medical history and a detailed account of how the injury occurred. Doctors look for signs of trauma, swelling, deformity, and functional limitations. The affected finger is gently examined for tenderness, misalignment, and rotation.
X-rays are the standard imaging tool and are typically taken from multiple angles to visualise the bone clearly. They show whether the fracture is transverse (horizontal), oblique (angled), spiral, or comminuted (in several pieces). X-rays also confirm whether the fracture involves the joint, which may require a more specialised treatment approach.
In more complex cases or when multiple fingers are involved, a CT scan may be used for 3D imaging. This is especially useful for surgeons who need to plan internal fixation procedures. MRI is rarely needed but may be used if ligament or tendon injuries are suspected alongside the fracture.
Diagnosis of a Broken Finger
Doctors also evaluate neurovascular function. This includes checking sensation, blood circulation, and capillary refill time in the fingertip. Any signs of compromised blood flow or nerve injury — such as numbness or coldness — must be addressed urgently.
In children, diagnosis can be more difficult because growth plates (epiphyseal plates) may mimic fractures on X-rays. Paediatric orthopaedic input is sometimes needed to differentiate and decide on the best course of treatment.
Quick and precise diagnosis of a broken finger allows for early treatment, which improves healing outcomes and reduces the risk of long-term joint problems or deformity. Misdiagnosis or delays can lead to stiffness, chronic pain, or reduced hand function — especially in people who use their hands for work or sport.
[Next: Treatment of a Broken Finger →]
