Treatment of Gallstones
The treatment of gallstones depends on whether symptoms are present and if complications have occurred. Gallstones that cause pain or digestive issues often require medical or surgical intervention, while silent gallstones may be left alone.
Watchful Waiting
Doctors usually do not recommend treatment for asymptomatic gallstones.
Doctors may advise regular monitoring.
Lifestyle changes such as a healthy, low-fat diet and weight control can reduce the risk of symptoms developing
Medications
Oral bile acid pills (e.g. ursodeoxycholic acid) may help dissolve small cholesterol gallstones
Takes months to years to work and not effective for all types of stones
Recurrence is common after stopping the medication
Doctors usually reserve medication for patients who cannot undergo surgery.
Surgery (Cholecystectomy)
The most effective treatment for symptomatic gallstones is surgical removal of the gallbladder:
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (keyhole surgery) is the most common method
Minimally invasive
Short recovery time
Often performed as a day procedure
Doctors may need to perform Open Cholecystectomy in complex or emergency cases
Removing the gallbladder does not significantly affect digestion in most people. The liver continues to produce bile, which flows directly into the intestine.
ERCP and Stone Removal
If gallstones lodge in the bile ducts, doctors may recommend immediate treatment:
ERCP can be used to remove them without removing the gallbladder
Often followed by surgery later to prevent future blockages
Post-Surgical Care
After gallbladder removal:
Some individuals experience temporary digestive changes, such as diarrhoea or bloating
A gradual return to normal diet is encouraged
Most people resume regular activities within one to two weeks
Treatment of Gallstones
The treatment of gallstones is tailored to the severity and type of symptoms. For those with complications, timely surgery can be lifesaving.
