Diagnosis of Gastroparesis
The diagnosis of gastroparesis involves ruling out other gastrointestinal conditions and confirming delayed stomach emptying. Because gastroparesis shares symptoms with many other digestive disorders, it often requires a structured approach, including symptom history, blood tests, and imaging studies.
Medical History and Physical Exam
A thorough clinical evaluation includes:
Discussion of symptoms, triggers, and timing—particularly in relation to meals
Review of medical history, such as diabetes, recent infections, or surgeries
Assessment of weight loss, bloating, or nutritional status
Physical exam to check for abdominal distension or tenderness
This initial consultation helps determine whether further testing is needed.
Blood Tests
Complete blood count (CBC) – to check for anaemia or signs of infection
Electrolytes and kidney function – to identify dehydration or imbalances
Thyroid function tests – to exclude hypothyroidism
Blood glucose and HbA1c – especially important in diabetic patients
While blood tests do not confirm gastroparesis, they help rule out other causes of symptoms.
Gastric Emptying Studies
The most reliable test for diagnosing gastroparesis is the gastric emptying scan:
The patient eats a small meal containing a safe radioactive marker
A scanner measures how quickly food leaves the stomach over four hours
Delayed emptying confirms the diagnosis
A normal result excludes significant gastroparesis, while mild, moderate, or severe delay can guide treatment decisions.
Other Diagnostic Tools
1. Endoscopy
Used to rule out blockages, ulcers, or inflammation
May reveal retained food in the stomach
2. Ultrasound or CT scan
Helps rule out structural abnormalities, gallstones, or pancreatitis
3. Wireless Motility Capsule
Swallowed like a pill, this device measures pressure, temperature, and pH throughout the digestive tract
Offers a detailed profile of motility from stomach to colon
Diagnosis of Gastroparesis
A confirmed diagnosis of gastroparesis allows healthcare providers to tailor treatment plans that reduce symptoms and improve long-term digestion and quality of life.
