Treatment of Glandular Fever

Treatment of Glandular Fever

The treatment of glandular fever focuses on relieving symptoms, managing complications, and allowing the body time to recover. Since glandular fever is caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), there is no cure or antiviral treatment that eliminates the virus. Instead, the approach is supportive, with rest and hydration forming the foundation of recovery.

Most people recover fully within a few weeks, though fatigue can persist for longer. Medical intervention is generally not required unless complications develop. Understanding how to treat the condition effectively at home and knowing when to seek help can greatly ease the recovery process.

Rest and Recovery

The cornerstone of treatment is adequate rest. Individuals with glandular fever often experience:

Profound fatigue

Muscle aches

Weakness and malaise

Rest helps the immune system focus on clearing the virus and repairing tissue inflammation. During the first two to three weeks:

Avoid school, work, or strenuous activity

Get plenty of sleep and limit social activities

Take time off sport, particularly contact or impact sports due to risk of spleen rupture

Recovery timelines vary, and people should return to normal activities gradually, based on how they feel rather than a fixed schedule.

Hydration and Nutrition

Fluids are essential during recovery to prevent dehydration, especially when fever or sore throat reduces appetite and fluid intake. Helpful strategies include:

Drinking water, diluted juice, herbal teas, or broths

Sucking on ice cubes or lollies to soothe the throat

Eating soft, easy-to-swallow foods such as yoghurt, soup, or mashed vegetables

Avoiding alcohol, which can strain the liver

Even if appetite is poor, small, regular meals support energy levels and recovery.

Managing Fever and Pain

For fever, headaches, or sore throat:

Use paracetamol or ibuprofen as directed

Avoid aspirin in children due to the risk of Reye’s syndrome

Gargle with warm salt water to reduce throat inflammation

Try throat lozenges or sprays for temporary relief

It’s important not to exceed recommended doses and to use medication only for symptom control.

Avoiding Antibiotics

Antibiotics are not effective against viruses and should not be used to treat glandular fever. If bacterial infection is suspected (e.g., secondary tonsillitis), a doctor may prescribe antibiotics. However:

Amoxicillin and ampicillin can cause a rash in people with EBV

Alternative antibiotics should be used if necessary

Rash due to antibiotics is not an allergy in these cases, but rather a reaction linked to the virus.

Medical Supervision and Monitoring

Most cases of glandular fever can be managed at home. However, medical attention is required if:

Fever exceeds 39.5°C or persists longer than a week

Swallowing becomes extremely difficult

Breathing is impaired due to swollen tonsils

Abdominal pain suggests spleen involvement

There are signs of dehydration (dry mouth, low urine output)

In rare cases, hospital admission may be needed for:

Severe tonsillar enlargement

Airway obstruction

Intravenous fluids for dehydration

Monitoring of liver function or complications

Managing Fatigue

Fatigue is the most persistent symptom and may linger for weeks or even months. Tips for managing it include:

Pacing activities and listening to the body

Breaking tasks into smaller, manageable parts

Allowing naps without oversleeping

Returning to school or work gradually, possibly with reduced hours

For some, especially students or professionals, fatigue may be frustrating or distressing. Patience and support are key.

Emotional Support and Reassurance

Glandular fever can feel overwhelming due to its long recovery and impact on daily life. Individuals may need:

Reassurance that fatigue will resolve over time

Mental health support if mood or motivation drops

Clear explanations about the illness to avoid worry

Family, employers, or educators should be informed, especially if time off or adjustments are needed.

Complementary Therapies

There is no strong evidence supporting herbal remedies or supplements for glandular fever. However, people sometimes try:

Echinacea, elderberry, or zinc lozenges

Vitamin C or D to support general immune health

Always consult a healthcare provider before starting supplements, particularly if on medication.

Summary of Home Care

Conclusion | Treatment of Glandular Fever

The treatment of glandular fever revolves around rest, symptom management, and awareness of complications. With time and self-care, most people recover completely. Early recognition of danger signs and patience during the fatigue phase are the keys to a smooth recovery.

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