Blepharitis – Overview
Blepharitis is a common and often chronic condition that causes inflammation of the eyelids, particularly around the base of the eyelashes. It can affect people of all ages and may occur in one or both eyes. The condition is typically not contagious, but it can be recurrent and uncomfortable, sometimes interfering with vision or leading to other eye problems if left untreated.
The eyelid margins become red, swollen, itchy, and may develop crusts or oily flakes. While blepharitis is not usually serious, it can become chronic, requiring long-term care and daily hygiene.
Types of blepharitis:
- Anterior – Affects the outside front edge of the eyelid, near the eyelashes.
- Posterior – Involves the inner edge of the eyelid where it contacts the eyeball and is often linked to meibomian gland dysfunction.
This condition is common in South Africa, especially in people with oily skin, rosacea, dandruff (seborrhoeic dermatitis), or allergies. Hot, dry climates, air pollution, and poor eyelid hygiene can also aggravate symptoms.
Symptoms of blepharitis include:
- Red, swollen eyelids
- Itchy or burning sensation in the eyes
- Crusting or flaking at the base of the eyelashes
- Watery or dry eyes
- Gritty or “foreign body” feeling
- Sensitivity to light
- Eyelashes that stick together or fall out
Although it may look alarming, it is not contagious and doesn’t usually cause permanent damage. However, it can lead to complications such as:
- Styes
- Chalazion (eyelid cysts)
- Dry eye syndrome
- Conjunctivitis
- Corneal irritation or ulcers (rare)
Because of its chronic nature, many people with this condition must commit to a long-term eyelid hygiene routine to keep symptoms under control.
👉 [Next: Causes and Risk Factors of Blepharitis]
