Causes and Risk Factors of ARDS
ARDS is not a disease, but a syndrome — a group of symptoms triggered by an underlying event that causes widespread inflammation in the lungs.
Common Causes of ARDS
- Pneumonia (bacterial, viral, or fungal)
- Sepsis – widespread infection in the body
- Trauma – especially chest injuries or head trauma
- Inhalation injuries – smoke or chemical exposure
- Near-drowning
- Pancreatitis
- Multiple blood transfusions
- COVID-19 – a major cause globally since 2020
In South Africa, common contributors include tuberculosis (TB) complications, HIV-related infections, and motor vehicle trauma.
Risk Factors
- Age over 65
- Chronic lung disease (e.g. COPD)
- Immunosuppression (e.g. HIV, cancer)
- Excessive alcohol use
- Smoking history
- Delayed treatment of infections
Causes and Risk Factors of ARDS
Anyone who is critically ill or injured can develop ARDS, but those with pre-existing respiratory or immune conditions are more vulnerable.
🔹 Next → [Symptoms and Early Warning Signs of ARDS]
Complications and Recovery from Chest Infection
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
