Causes and Risk Factors of Asbestosis
Asbestosis is caused by prolonged inhalation of microscopic asbestos fibres, which lodge deep in the lungs and trigger inflammation and scarring. Over time, the scarring reduces lung elasticity and makes breathing difficult. Learn more about the causes and risk factors of asbestosis below.
Primary Cause:
- Occupational exposure to asbestos, especially in:
- Asbestos mining and milling (e.g. Kuruman, Prieska in South Africa)
- Construction (insulation, roofing, cement)
- Shipbuilding
- Railway and automotive industries (brake linings, clutches)
- Manufacturing of fireproof products
Risk Factors:
- Duration and intensity of exposure
- The longer and more intense the exposure, the higher the risk
- Type of asbestos fibre
- Crocidolite (blue asbestos) is more dangerous than chrysotile (white asbestos)
- Lack of protective equipment
- Absence of masks or proper ventilation increases risk
- Living near asbestos mines or factories
- Environmental exposure can occur in families and communities
- Smoking
- Does not cause asbestosis, but significantly increases the risk of lung cancer in exposed individuals
In South Africa, many retired mine workers and their families have developed asbestosis or related illnesses. Some are part of compensation programmes, but gaps in awareness and diagnosis remain.
Let’s now explore how asbestosis is diagnosed.
👉 [Next: Diagnosis of Asbestosis]
Dr Jim Naude Diagnostic Medicine Claremont
