Causes of Bursitis
Causes of bursitis include repetitive joint use, trauma, prolonged pressure, and systemic conditions that promote inflammation. The most common causes of bursitis are overuse injuries, physical strain, infection, and autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis.
Repetitive motion is the leading factor. Activities that involve repeated joint movement — such as throwing, kneeling, lifting, or cycling — can irritate the bursae and lead to inflammation. Occupations like painting, plumbing, or gardening place people at higher risk of developing bursitis.
Direct trauma, such as a fall or a blow to a joint, can also cause a bursa to become inflamed. This is more likely in areas where bursae are close to the skin, like the elbow (olecranon bursitis) or knee (prepatellar bursitis).
Prolonged pressure is another common cause. Sitting on hard surfaces for long periods may lead to ischial bursitis (in the buttocks), while kneeling for extended time can cause knee bursitis. Wearing poor footwear or standing for long hours may contribute to heel bursitis.
Infectious bursitis, although less common, occurs when bacteria enter a bursa through a skin break. This is more likely in people with diabetes, weakened immune systems, or open wounds near a joint. Septic bursitis typically affects the knee or elbow and requires antibiotic treatment.
Causes of Bursitis
Autoimmune conditions like gout, pseudogout, or rheumatoid arthritis can trigger bursitis due to inflammation caused by urate crystals or immune system attacks. In these cases, multiple bursae may be affected over time.
In some cases, no specific cause can be identified. This is known as idiopathic bursitis and is usually managed based on symptoms.
Knowing the causes of bursitis helps tailor prevention strategies. These may include avoiding overuse, correcting posture, using protective padding, and treating any underlying joint or systemic diseases promptly.
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