Causes of Cradle Cap
Causes of cradle cap are not fully understood, but the condition is thought to result from a combination of overactive sebaceous glands and skin sensitivity. Though it appears alarming, cradle cap is not caused by poor hygiene, allergies, or infection. It is a natural and temporary skin response in many infants and requires only gentle management.
Overactive Sebaceous Glands
Newborns retain a small amount of maternal hormones for several weeks after birth. These hormones stimulate the oil (sebum) glands in the baby’s skin, particularly on the scalp. The excess sebum traps old skin cells and prevents them from naturally shedding, forming greasy, scaly patches.
Yeast Overgrowth | Causes of Cradle Cap
Another possible contributing factor is the presence of a yeast-like fungus called Malassezia, which thrives in oily skin environments. This yeast may contribute to inflammation and the build-up of scales. However, it is generally harmless and lives on most people’s skin without causing issues.
Environmental Factors
Although not a direct cause, warm or humid conditions can worsen cradle cap by increasing oil production and moisture retention. This can make the scales appear thicker or more widespread.
Genetic Predisposition
Some infants may be more prone to cradle cap due to genetic factors. Babies with a family history of skin conditions like eczema or seborrhoeic dermatitis may be more likely to develop cradle cap, although it is not classified as an allergic or autoimmune disorder.
Normal Skin Development
The condition is sometimes simply a part of the baby’s skin adapting to the external environment after birth. The immaturity of the skin barrier in newborns may make them more susceptible to skin conditions such as cradle cap.
It is important to reassure parents that cradle cap is not contagious and cannot be transmitted between children. It also does not result from washing the baby’s hair too infrequently or too often.
In conclusion, causes of cradle cap are largely linked to temporary hormonal changes and skin oil production. It is a benign condition that typically clears up with time and basic skin care practices.
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