Cervical Cancer – Overview
We’re learn that Cervical cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the cells of the cervix — the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina. Persistent infection with high-risk types of human papillomavirus (HPV) is the leading cause of this cancer. This cancer is highly preventable and treatable, yet it remains a major health concern in developing countries due to limited access to screening and HPV vaccination.
The cervix plays a critical role in reproductive health, acting as both a gateway and barrier between the uterus and vagina. When abnormal cells develop on its surface and begin to multiply uncontrollably, they may form pre-cancerous changes that can progress to this cancer over time if left untreated.
Most cases of cervical cancer are squamous cell carcinomas, originating in the outer part of the cervix. A smaller proportion are adenocarcinomas, which develop from glandular cells in the cervical canal. It usually takes years for this cancer to develop, which is why regular screening is so effective at detecting it early.
Cervical Cancer
The introduction of the HPV vaccine has significantly reduced the cancer rates in younger populations. However, routine Pap smears (or liquid-based cytology) and HPV testing remain the cornerstone of early detection. Symptoms often don’t appear until the disease is advanced, so preventative screening is crucial.
Although once a leading cause of cancer deaths in women, increased awareness, better screening, and HPV vaccination have drastically improved outcomes. With early diagnosis and prompt treatment, most cases of these cancers are highly treatable.
[Next: Causes of Cervical Cancer →]
