Chronic Kidney Disease – Overview
Chronic kidney disease is a long-term condition in which the kidneys lose function progressively over time. Although the early stages often present no symptoms. This kidney disease can eventually lead to kidney failure, necessitating dialysis or transplantation. This condition affects approximately 10% of the global population, with numbers rising due to increasing rates of diabetes and hypertension.
The kidneys are essential organs that filter waste and excess fluid from the blood. Maintain the balance of salts and minerals, regulate blood pressure, and produce hormones that influence red blood cell production and bone health. When kidney function deteriorates, these vital processes are compromised, resulting in a wide range of health issues.
CKD is classified into five stages, based on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Which estimates how efficiently the kidneys filter blood. Stage 1 signifies mild kidney damage with normal GFR. While stage 5 represents end-stage renal disease (ESRD), where kidney function drops below 15%, and renal replacement therapy is typically required.
Chronic Kidney Disease – Overview
Diabetes and high blood pressure are the most common causes of CKD. Other risk factors include glomerulonephritis, polycystic kidney disease, chronic urinary tract obstruction, and prolonged use of nephrotoxic medications. CKD can remain undetected until late stages due to its insidious onset. Which is why routine screening is critical in at-risk individuals.
Managing CKD involves controlling the underlying causes, such as regulating blood sugar and blood pressure. Furthermore, adjusting diet and avoiding medications that may further impair renal function. Early detection and treatment can significantly slow the progression of the disease. Additionally, reduce the likelihood of complications like cardiovascular disease, anaemia, and bone disorders.
In summary, this condition is a progressive yet manageable condition. With regular monitoring, timely medical intervention, and lifestyle adjustments, many individuals can lead full, productive lives while maintaining kidney function.
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