Complications and Recovery from Cataracts in Children
Complications and recovery from cataracts in children are more complex than in adults due to the ongoing development of the eye and visual pathways. While surgery is usually successful, managing complications of cataracts in children requires long-term care and support.
1. Amblyopia
The most common complication is amblyopia or “lazy eye,” where the brain suppresses signals from the weaker eye. This happens when the brain receives limited or inconsistent visual input during a critical period of early development, which can affect normal visual processing. Without prompt treatment, amblyopia can result in permanent vision loss, even if the eye appears structurally healthy.
2. Glaucoma
Post-operative glaucoma is more common in children than adults. It can occur months or years after cataract surgery. Regular monitoring of intraocular pressure is essential. If doctors detect glaucoma early, they can manage it effectively using prescription eye drops, laser treatments, or surgical procedures to lower eye pressure and prevent vision loss.
3. Posterior Capsule Opacification (PCO)
Even after successful lens removal, residual lens cells may cause the posterior capsule to become cloudy, affecting vision. This can usually be treated with a laser or a secondary surgical procedure, depending on the child’s age and cooperation level.
4. Infection and Inflammation
Though rare, infection (endophthalmitis) and significant inflammation can occur post-surgery. These are managed with intensive eye drops and sometimes oral medication. Children’s immune responses differ from adults, so close follow-up is vital.
5. Refractive Changes | Complications and Recovery from Cataracts in Children
As the child grows, the shape of the eye changes, affecting visual focus. Frequent prescription changes are common. Refractive surgery is not typically performed in children, so glasses or contact lenses are adjusted as needed.
Recovery Timeline
- First 1–2 weeks: Eye healing, discomfort managed with drops
- First 3 months: Most critical for amblyopia therapy
- Ongoing: Visual rehabilitation, glasses/contact lens updates, and patching
Complications and Recovery from Cataracts in Children
Long-term outcomes depend on early intervention and how well the child and caregivers adhere to treatment and follow-up schedules. With diligence, complications and recovery from cataracts in children can be managed successfully, giving children the best chance at lifelong healthy vision.
