Complications of Food Colours
The complications of food colours are mostly related to adverse reactions in sensitive individuals. While food colours are considered safe for the general population when consumed within regulated limits, those with sensitivities may experience unpleasant or even dangerous effects if not properly managed.
Allergic Reactions
Though uncommon, true allergic reactions to some colourants—especially natural ones like cochineal (E120)—can cause:
Swelling of the lips, tongue, or face
Hives or skin rashes
Breathing difficulties or wheezing
Severe cases may result in anaphylaxis, requiring emergency treatment
These reactions often occur within minutes and must be managed with medical guidance and emergency medication.
Behavioural and Emotional Impact
In children with sensitivity, regular intake of artificial colours may contribute to:
Hyperactivity or impulsiveness
Irritability or emotional outbursts
Difficulty concentrating at school
If undiagnosed, these symptoms may be mislabelled as behavioural disorders or lead to unnecessary disciplinary action.
Nutritional and Dietary Challenges
Avoiding food colours often means avoiding processed and convenience foods, which may initially limit variety
This can lead to:
Fussy eating or food refusal in children
Unintentional nutrient gaps, particularly if multiple additives are avoided
Without guidance, families may overly restrict diets and cause growth concerns or social isolation
Working with a dietitian ensures balanced nutrition without risk.
Psychological Effects
Children who feel “different” or excluded due to restricted diets may develop:
Anxiety around food
Social withdrawal, especially at birthday parties or school events
A negative relationship with food, particularly if they are repeatedly told what they cannot eat
Education, inclusion, and suitable food alternatives can reduce this impact.
Financial Burden
Speciality foods labelled “free from artificial colours” can be more expensive
Constant label reading and sourcing trusted brands can add stress to shopping and meal planning
Some families may need to invest in allergy-friendly meal prep or consulting services
Complications of Food Colours
Despite these challenges, awareness and preparation significantly reduce the complications of food colours. Most people who are sensitive to colourants can live healthy, full lives with the right support and clear
