Constipation – Overview
Constipation is a common gastrointestinal condition where bowel movements become infrequent, hard to pass, or incomplete. A person is typically diagnosed with constipation when they have fewer than three bowel movements per week or when passing stools becomes painful, difficult, or accompanied by a sense of incomplete evacuation. While the condition can affect anyone, it is particularly common in older adults, pregnant women, and people with sedentary lifestyles.
The colon plays a central role in absorbing water from digested food before it exits the body as waste. If this process slows down, too much water may be absorbed, making the stool dry and hard. This, combined with weak bowel muscle activity or blockages, results in constipation. The condition ranges from occasional inconvenience to a chronic health issue that significantly impacts daily life.
Common contributing factors include low fibre intake, insufficient fluid consumption, lack of exercise, stress, and poor bowel habits. Some people ignore the urge to defecate, while others rush toilet time, both of which can disrupt normal bowel rhythms. In addition, some medications and medical conditions can reduce bowel motility, further complicating matters.
Constipation
Though usually not dangerous, constipation can cause haemorrhoids, anal fissures, faecal impaction, and a decreased quality of life. Long-term sufferers may also develop anxiety related to their bowel movements, creating a cycle of stress and worsening symptoms. Fortunately, the condition is typically manageable with lifestyle changes, proper hydration, and dietary fibre. In more complex cases, medical or surgical interventions may be necessary.
In conclusion, constipation refers to slowed or difficult bowel movements that can lead to physical and psychological discomfort. Early recognition and treatment are crucial to relieving symptoms, preventing complications, and maintaining long-term bowel health.
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