Deafness – Overview
Deafness is a condition marked by partial or complete loss of hearing in one or both ears. It can occur at birth (congenital) or be acquired later in life due to various factors such as illness, injury, ageing, or prolonged exposure to loud noise. This affects communication, social interaction, education, and employment, making it a significant public health concern worldwide.
Hearing loss is usually categorised by severity: mild, moderate, severe, or profound. People with mild hearing loss may struggle in noisy environments, while those with profound deafness may not hear anything at all. The degree of hearing impairment determines the level of support or intervention needed, such as hearing aids, cochlear implants, or sign language.
Deafness
Various types include conductive, sensorineural, and mixed. Conductive deafness is caused by problems in the outer or middle ear that prevent sound from reaching the inner ear. The sensorineural version results from damage to the inner ear (cochlea) or the auditory nerve. Mixed deafness combines features of both.
The impact of this extends beyond auditory difficulties. It can affect language development, especially in children, and contribute to social isolation, anxiety, or depression in people of all ages. Early detection, education, and access to assistive technologies significantly improve outcomes for individuals with hearing impairment.
In summary, deafness is a complex and diverse condition that affects millions globally. With the right tools and support, many people with hearing loss can lead rich, fulfilling lives.
