Diagnosis of a Broken Collarbone
Diagnosis of a Broken Collarbone is typically straightforward and based on clinical signs and imaging tests. Accurate diagnosis of a broken collarbone ensures proper treatment. Furthermore, reduces the chance of complications like malunion, nerve damage, or long-term shoulder dysfunction.
The diagnostic process begins with a physical exam. A healthcare professional will ask how the injury occurred and assess the shoulder. For swelling, bruising, deformity, and tenderness along the collarbone. They may gently palpate the area to locate the break and test the range of motion. Even when movement is usually limited due to pain.
In most cases, an X-ray is sufficient to confirm the fracture. It helps determine whether the break is simple, displaced, or comminuted (broken into multiple pieces). X-rays also reveal whether the fracture is located in the middle, outer, or inner third of the clavicle — which affects treatment decisions.
For complex or suspected joint-related injuries, a CT scan may be ordered to provide a more detailed view. This is especially useful when surgical repair is being considered. MRI scans are rarely needed for clavicle fractures unless there’s concern about soft tissue, ligament, or nerve damage.
Diagnosis of a Broken Collarbone
Neurovascular assessment is also part of the diagnostic protocol. The doctor will check for sensation and circulation in the arm and fingers to ensure no nerves or blood vessels have been compromised by the broken bone.
In children and adolescents, special care is taken due to the presence of growth plates. X-rays help differentiate between fractures and normal developmental anatomy, and treatment is tailored to allow continued healthy bone development.
In South Africa, access to imaging varies depending on the healthcare facility. While private clinics offer rapid diagnostics, some public hospitals may experience delays. Regardless, any suspected clavicle fracture should be stabilised with a sling and examined as soon as possible.
A quick and accurate diagnosis of a broken collarbone allows doctors to make informed decisions about surgery, casting, or physiotherapy, significantly improving the chances of full recovery.
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