Diagnosis of a Broken Nose
Diagnosis of a Broken Nose is based on a physical exam, history of the injury, and, in some cases, imaging studies. Timely and accurate diagnosis of a broken nose ensures effective treatment and prevents long-term problems with appearance or breathing.
The process begins with a detailed history. The healthcare provider will ask how the injury occurred, whether there was any bleeding, loss of consciousness, or other associated symptoms such as double vision or headaches. These questions help rule out other facial fractures or brain injuries.
During the physical examination, the doctor will inspect the nose for swelling, bruising, bleeding, deviation, and lacerations. They’ll gently palpate the nasal bones to assess for tenderness, instability, or crepitus — a crackling sound that indicates bone fragments. Nasal airflow may also be checked by closing one nostril at a time and observing breathing ability.
If the septum appears crooked or there’s suspicion of a deviated septum, the doctor may use a nasal speculum and light to inspect the inside of the nose. A haematoma (blood collection) on the septum can block airflow and must be drained immediately to prevent cartilage collapse.
Diagnosis of a Broken Nose
X-rays are not always necessary for nasal fractures, as physical signs are often sufficient. However, if the injury is part of a more serious accident or if other facial bones may be involved, a CT scan may be ordered. CT scans are especially useful for identifying fractures in the sinus area or orbital bones.
In children, diagnosis may be complicated by swelling or lack of clear communication. Doctors may delay imaging until swelling subsides or refer to a paediatric ENT specialist.
An accurate diagnosis of a broken nose is critical before any realignment is attempted. Early detection of associated injuries — like septal haematomas or orbital fractures — ensures that all complications are addressed promptly.
[Next: Treatment of a Broken Nose →]
