Diagnosis of Anorexia Nervosa
Diagnosing anorexia nervosa involves a combination of clinical interviews, behavioural assessments, and physical evaluations. Early diagnosis of anorexia nervosa is critical to reduce health risks and improve recovery outcomes.
Diagnostic Criteria (Based on DSM-5)
To be diagnosed with anorexia nervosa, the following must be present:
- Restriction of energy intake leading to significantly low body weight
- Intense fear of gaining weight or persistent behaviour that interferes with weight gain
- Distorted body image or denial of the seriousness of current low body weight
Anorexia can be restricting type (pure restriction) or binge-purge type (episodes of overeating followed by vomiting, laxatives, or excessive exercise).
What a Doctor or Therapist May Assess:
- Weight and Body Mass Index (BMI)
- Eating habits and food rules
- Exercise patterns
- Mental health symptoms: depression, anxiety, self-harm
- Menstrual history in females
- Self-esteem and body image beliefs
Physical Tests During the Diagnosis of Anorexia Nervosa May Include:
- Blood tests – to check for anaemia, electrolyte imbalance, or kidney/liver function
- Bone density scans – to assess for early osteoporosis
- Heart monitoring – for bradycardia or arrhythmias
- Hormone tests – especially oestrogen and thyroid levels
Diagnosis is usually made by a GP, psychologist, or psychiatrist. In South Africa, eating disorder assessments are available at certain private hospitals and specialised mental health centres.
Let’s now look at the treatment options and what recovery involves.
👉 [Next: Treatment for Anorexia Nervosa]
Dr Susannah Rose Psychotherapist London
Causes and Risk Factors of Anorexia Nervosa
