Diagnosis of Catarrh
Diagnosis of catarrh starts with a detailed assessment of symptoms, medical history, and possible triggers. While catarrh is often diagnosed clinically based on reported issues like nasal congestion, postnasal drip, and throat clearing, identifying the underlying cause is essential for long-term relief — especially if symptoms have persisted for several weeks.
The first step is a consultation with a GP, who will ask about:
- Duration and severity of symptoms
- Any patterns (e.g. worse in the morning, linked to pollen season, exposure to irritants)
- Associated symptoms like headaches, facial pain, ear pressure, or sore throat
- Response to previous medications like antihistamines, decongestants, or antibiotics
A physical examination typically follows, where the doctor will inspect the nasal passages and throat. Using a nasal speculum and light source, they may look for signs of inflammation, mucus build-up, polyps, or anatomical abnormalities.
If allergic catarrh is suspected, allergy testing might be recommended. This can involve:
- Skin prick tests for allergens such as pollen, dust mites, or pet dander
- Blood tests (e.g. IgE levels) to measure allergic sensitivity
Doctors may refer patients to an ENT specialist if they suspect chronic sinusitis or structural issues like nasal polyps. This allows for:
- Nasal endoscopy: A thin, flexible camera inserted into the nose to view the sinuses
- Imaging: CT scans can help evaluate sinus anatomy and detect blockages or inflammation
Doctors may refer children or adults with hearing issues linked to catarrh to an audiologist to assess middle ear function and check for glue ear or fluid build-up.
Diagnosis of Catarrh
If doctors suspect acid reflux is causing the symptoms, they may recommend a gastrointestinal assessment for further investigation. This might include lifestyle evaluation, pH testing, or referral to a gastroenterologist.
Doctors match the treatment to the cause once they make a clear diagnosis of catarrh. Furthermore, whether that’s allergy, infection, anatomical blockage, or environmental irritation — leading to faster and more effective symptom relief.
[Next: Treatment of Catarrh →]
