Diagnosis of Ectropion
The diagnosis of ectropion is usually straightforward and can be made during a physical examination by an eye care professional. Because ectropion presents visible outward turning of the lower eyelid. Doctors can often confirm the condition by simply inspecting the eye and eyelid.
The doctor may gently pull on the lower eyelid to observe its position and elasticity. In some cases, they may ask the patient to blink or look in different directions to see how the eyelid behaves during movement. A slit lamp examination—using a microscope with a light—may also be done to inspect the cornea and inner eyelid more closely for signs of irritation, dryness, or damage.
It’s important to determine the underlying cause of the ectropion. If trauma, scarring, or a previous surgical procedure is suspected. The doctor will take a full medical history and examine the skin and tissues surrounding the eye. If facial nerve paralysis is present. They may assess muscle strength and facial movement to evaluate the severity of the nerve damage.
In cases of suspected cicatricial ectropion—where scar tissue is pulling the eyelid outward. Doctors may also examine the tightness of the skin around the cheeks and temple. If a tumour or growth is suspected, imaging studies such as MRI or CT scans may be ordered.
Diagnosis of Ectropion
For children or newborns with congenital ectropion, further evaluation by a paediatric ophthalmologist may be needed to assess for related conditions.
In South Africa, ectropion is often diagnosed by general practitioners or optometrists, especially in rural areas where access to ophthalmologists is limited. Community clinics may refer patients with persistent symptoms or complications to public hospitals for specialist care. Awareness campaigns on age-related eye conditions can help ensure earlier detection, particularly in the elderly.
Early diagnosis of ectropion is essential to prevent complications such as corneal ulcers or vision loss. Once identified, doctors can begin appropriate treatment to relieve symptoms and protect the eye.
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