Symptoms of Dementia
Symptoms of dementia can be subtle at first, but they typically worsen over time, affecting various aspects of thinking, memory, language, and behaviour. The early signs of dementia may be mistaken for normal ageing, but as the condition progresses, the impact becomes more noticeable and disruptive.
Cognitive Symptoms
Memory loss, particularly short-term memory, is often one of the first signs
Difficulty recalling recent events, names, or conversations
Challenges in planning, organising, or making decisions
Trouble understanding time or directions
Repetition of questions or stories due to forgetfulness
Communication and Language Difficulties
Difficulty finding the right words or following conversations
Trouble reading or writing
Slower response times in verbal exchanges
Misunderstanding jokes or figurative language
Behavioural and Psychological Changes
Mood swings, depression, or anxiety
Apathy or loss of interest in hobbies
Increased irritability or aggression
Inappropriate behaviour in social situations
Wandering, especially at night
Physical and Motor Symptoms | Symptoms of Dementia
While dementia primarily affects mental function, it can also lead to:
Loss of coordination or balance
Incontinence in later stages
Difficulty swallowing or speaking clearly
Symptoms by Stage
Early-stage dementia may involve mild forgetfulness and confusion
Middle-stage presents with increased memory loss, mood changes, and assistance with daily tasks
Late-stage dementia often includes severe memory impairment, physical disability, and dependence on full-time care
Symptoms in Younger People | Symptoms of Dementia
Younger individuals with dementia (under 65) may experience:
Unusual behavioural changes
Personality shifts
Job-related difficulties
Depression or isolation due to delayed diagnosis
In summary, symptoms of dementia span cognitive, emotional, and physical domains. Recognising these signs early allows for diagnosis and intervention, which can greatly enhance the person’s ability to function and maintain independence.
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