Treatment and Management of Behçet’s Disease

Treatment and Management of Behçet’s Disease

There is currently no cure for Behçet’s disease, but a combination of medications, symptom management, and regular monitoring can help control flare-ups, reduce inflammation, and improve quality of life. Learn more about the treatment and management of Behçet’s disease below.

Treatment depends on which body systems are affected and the severity of symptoms.

Common treatment options include:

1. Topical treatments
   • Corticosteroid creams, mouthwashes, or eye drops help reduce inflammation in specific areas.
     
2. Oral medications
   • Colchicine: Often used for joint pain and mouth/genital ulcers
   • Corticosteroids: Help control inflammation, especially during flares
   • Immunosuppressants (e.g., azathioprine, methotrexate): Used in moderate to severe cases
   • Biologics (e.g., infliximab, adalimumab): Target immune system proteins in resistant or serious cases
     
3. Pain relief
   • Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen or naproxen help reduce pain and swelling.
     
4. Eye care
   • Urgent treatment with steroids and immunosuppressants is crucial to prevent permanent vision loss.
     
5. Lifestyle management
   • Rest during flare-ups
   • Regular check-ups with specialists
   • Stress reduction and support groups
   • Smoking cessation and healthy diet to reduce inflammation

In South Africa, access to specialised care may be limited in rural areas, so referrals to tertiary hospitals or academic centres are often necessary. Public sector access to biologic therapies may be restricted, though NGOs and support programmes may offer assistance.

Treatment and Management of Behçet’s Disease

Managing Behçet’s is a lifelong commitment, but with proper support and treatment, many patients lead full and active lives. The key is to tailor therapy to each individual’s symptoms and adjust as the disease changes over time.

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