Treatment for Ankylosing Spondylitis
There is no cure for ankylosing spondylitis, but early and consistent treatment for ankylosing spondylitis can relieve symptoms, slow progression, and improve function. Treatment typically involves a combination of medication, physical therapy, and lifestyle changes.
1. Medications
- NSAIDs (Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs)
- First-line treatment for reducing pain and inflammation
- E.g. ibuprofen, naproxen, or diclofenac
- Biologic therapies (TNF inhibitors or IL-17 inhibitors)
- For moderate to severe AS or those not responding to NSAIDs
- Examples include etanercept, adalimumab, and secukinumab
- These medications reduce inflammation and disease activity
- DMARDs (Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs)
- Limited use in AS but may help with peripheral joint involvement
- Corticosteroids
- Occasionally used for short-term flares or localised inflammation
2. Physical Therapy during Treatment for Ankylosing Spondylitis
- Tailored exercises to improve posture, spinal flexibility, and lung function
- Daily stretching and strengthening routines
- Hydrotherapy and Pilates are often beneficial
3. Lifestyle Modifications
- Quit smoking – slows disease progression and improves lung function
- Maintain good posture
- Use supportive bedding and ergonomic seating
- Avoid prolonged rest
4. Surgical Options during Treatment for Ankylosing Spondylitis
- In advanced cases, joint replacement (e.g. hip) or spinal surgery may be needed
- Rarely, surgery is used to correct severe spinal deformity
In South Africa, biologics may be available through medical aid or specialist referral at public tertiary hospitals. Early diagnosis improves access to treatment and long-term mobility.
👉 [Next: Complications of Ankylosing Spondylitis]
Causes and Risk Factors of Ankylosing Spondylitis
