Treatment for Diarrhoea
The treatment for diarrhoea depends on its cause, severity, and the person’s overall health. In most mild cases, particularly those caused by viral infections, symptoms resolve on their own within a few days. However, even in mild cases, diarrhoea can lead to dehydration, so the first priority is often fluid replacement.
Drinking plenty of clean fluids is vital. Oral rehydration salts (ORS) are recommended, especially for young children and older adults. These sachets, available at most pharmacies and clinics in South Africa, contain the right balance of salts and sugars to help the body retain water. For infants, continued breastfeeding or formula feeding is encouraged.
If a bacterial infection is suspected, and symptoms are severe or prolonged, antibiotics may be prescribed. However, not all bacterial causes of diarrhoea require antibiotics, and in some cases, they may do more harm than good. That’s why it’s important to consult a healthcare professional rather than self-medicating.
For diarrhoea linked to chronic conditions like irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or coeliac disease, long-term management is necessary. This may include dietary changes, medication, or lifestyle adjustments. In IBS, for example, a low-FODMAP diet has shown good results. For coeliac disease, eliminating gluten from the diet is essential.
Treatment for Diarrhoea
Medications like loperamide can be used to slow bowel movements in adults, but they should be avoided if there is blood in the stool or if the cause is an infection. Anti-nausea drugs may also help if vomiting is present. Probiotics can sometimes support recovery by restoring balance in the gut microbiome.
In cases of severe diarrhoea, especially when there’s dehydration or complications, hospitalisation might be necessary. This is more common among the very young, elderly, or those with weakened immune systems.
Ultimately, treatment should focus on hydration, addressing the cause, and supporting the body’s recovery. Timely action helps ensure a full recovery and prevents further complications.
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