Treatment of Enlarged Prostate
The treatment of enlarged prostate focuses on relieving symptoms, improving urine flow, and preventing complications. Enlarged prostate (BPH) is a chronic condition, but it can often be managed successfully through medication, lifestyle changes, or surgical procedures.
Watchful Waiting
For men with mild symptoms that don’t interfere with daily life, doctors may recommend:
Monitoring symptoms regularly
Making lifestyle changes (e.g., reducing caffeine or alcohol)
Avoiding fluids before bedtime
This approach avoids unnecessary treatment and allows for quick action if symptoms worsen.
Medications | Treatment of Enlarged Prostate
Alpha-blockers – Relax muscles in the prostate and bladder neck, improving urine flow (e.g., tamsulosin or alfuzosin).
5-alpha-reductase inhibitors – Shrink the prostate by lowering DHT hormone levels (e.g., finasteride or dutasteride).
Combination therapy – Using both types of medication together can be more effective in some cases.
Anticholinergics – Help control urgency and frequent urination, especially if overactive bladder is also present.
These medications work well for most patients, but side effects may include dizziness, sexual dysfunction, or reduced semen volume.
Surgical and Minimally Invasive Options
If medications are ineffective or symptoms are severe, surgical treatment may be recommended:
Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) – The most common surgery, removes part of the prostate using a scope through the urethra.
Laser therapy – Uses laser energy to remove or shrink prostate tissue.
UroLift system – Small implants hold prostate tissue away from the urethra.
Open or robotic prostatectomy – Done in more complex cases or when the prostate is very large.
Recovery times and risks vary. TURP and laser surgeries generally provide long-term relief, but may carry risks such as bleeding or temporary loss of bladder control.
Lifestyle and Home Remedies
Men are also encouraged to:
Limit caffeine and alcohol
Maintain a healthy weight
Stay physically active
Urinate when needed—don’t delay
Practise double voiding (urinate, then try again a few minutes later)
In South Africa, access to surgery may be limited in public hospitals. Referral to specialist urologists is often needed. Increased awareness and earlier intervention can help reduce waiting lists and improve patient outcomes.
The treatment of enlarged prostate is often successful, especially when tailored to the individual. Most men see significant improvement in symptoms with the right care.
[Next: Complications of Enlarged Prostate →]
