Treatment of Food Poisoning
The treatment of food poisoning depends on the cause and severity of symptoms. Most cases of food poisoning are mild and resolve within a few days with rest and hydration. However, some infections may require antibiotics, hospital care, or additional support to prevent complications.
Self-Care at Home
For mild to moderate symptoms:
Rest as much as possible
Drink plenty of fluids—preferably oral rehydration solutions (ORS) containing electrolytes
Eat small, bland meals when ready—such as rice, bananas, toast, or soup
Avoid alcohol, caffeine, spicy food, and dairy until fully recovered
Staying hydrated is the top priority, especially for children, elderly adults, and those experiencing vomiting or diarrhoea.
Over-the-Counter Medication
Paracetamol or ibuprofen can reduce fever and discomfort
Anti-diarrhoeal medications (e.g., loperamide) may be used sparingly in adults, but are not recommended if the illness is caused by certain bacteria (e.g. E. coli or Salmonella)
Anti-nausea tablets may be prescribed in severe cases
Always consult a doctor before using medication to manage food poisoning symptoms, especially in children or pregnant women.
Antibiotics
Only used in bacterial food poisoning when symptoms are severe or prolonged
Not effective against viral causes (e.g., norovirus)
May be given in cases of:
Listeria infection
Cholera
Severe traveller’s diarrhoea caused by E. coli or Shigella
Overuse of antibiotics is discouraged to avoid resistance
Hospital Treatment
Hospitalisation may be required for:
Severe dehydration, requiring intravenous fluids
Persistent vomiting or diarrhoea lasting more than 3 days
High fever or signs of sepsis
Complications in vulnerable patients, such as infants, elderly people, or those with chronic illnesses
Supportive care includes IV fluids, electrolyte replacement, and monitoring of vital signs.
Isolation and Hygiene
Stay home for at least 48 hours after symptoms stop to avoid spreading infection
Wash hands regularly and disinfect bathroom surfaces
Avoid preparing food for others until fully recovered
Treatment of Food Poisoning
The treatment of food poisoning is usually simple but essential to prevent further complications. Quick action can help shorten the illness and protect others from becoming sick.
[Next: Complications of Food Poisoning →]
