Treatment of Frontotemporal Dementia
The treatment of frontotemporal dementia focuses on managing symptoms, maintaining quality of life, and supporting the individual and their caregivers. Although there is currently no cure for frontotemporal dementia, a combination of medications, therapies, and supportive strategies can help people live more comfortably and safely.
Medications
There are no drugs that can stop or reverse the progression of FTD. However, certain medications can ease behavioural and psychological symptoms:
Antidepressants such as SSRIs (e.g., sertraline) may reduce compulsive behaviours, anxiety, or irritability
Antipsychotic medications may be used cautiously in cases of severe agitation or aggression—but these are prescribed only when absolutely necessary due to risks of side effects
Stimulants or mood stabilisers are sometimes trialled for individuals with apathy or disinhibition
Unlike Alzheimer’s disease, cholinesterase inhibitors (e.g., donepezil) are not generally effective in FTD and may worsen symptoms in some cases.
Speech and Language Therapy
For people with primary progressive aphasia (language-based FTD), speech therapy can help maintain communication for as long as possible
Strategies may include:
Picture boards or writing tools
Communication apps
Alternative ways to express needs and feelings
Regular therapy sessions can slow the loss of verbal skills and support the person’s dignity and independence.
Occupational and Physiotherapy
Occupational therapists help adapt the home for safety and independence
Physiotherapists may be involved in cases with movement disorders, such as those resembling Parkinson’s disease or motor neurone disease
These therapies help reduce the risk of falls, maintain mobility, and support daily functioning
Lifestyle and Environmental Support
Establishing routines can reduce confusion and anxiety
Limit environmental stimulation if the person becomes easily overwhelmed
Use structured schedules, clear signage, and simplified choices to support independence
Carers may need training to understand and respond to challenging behaviours without confrontation or distress.
Support for Families
Counselling and support groups for carers and family members can reduce emotional strain
Respite care, day centres, and in-home assistance may be required as the condition progresses
Legal planning, including power of attorney and advance directives, should be addressed early
Treatment of Frontotemporal Dementia
The treatment of frontotemporal dementia requires a person-centred approach tailored to the subtype and symptoms. With the right support, many people with FTD can continue to live meaningfully and safely for several years after diagnosis.
