Treatment Options for Bowel Incontinence
Treatment options for bowel incontinence depends on the underlying cause, severity, and the individual’s lifestyle. In many cases, non-surgical options are highly effective, especially when initiated early.
1. Lifestyle and dietary changes
- Increase fibre intake to bulk up stool (e.g. psyllium, oats, vegetables)
- Limit triggers like caffeine, alcohol, and spicy foods
- Keep a bowel diary to track patterns and triggers
- Establish a regular toilet routine
2. Pelvic floor physiotherapy
- Involves exercises to strengthen anal sphincter and pelvic muscles (e.g. Kegels)
- Biofeedback training uses sensors to help patients improve control
- Available in specialised physiotherapy centres in South Africa, more commonly in urban settings
3. Medications
- Anti-diarrhoeals like loperamide to firm up stools
- Stool softeners or laxatives in constipation-related cases
- Topical anaesthetics or ointments to reduce irritation
4. Bowel training and retraining
- Developing predictable bowel habits can help regain control.
- Regular toileting after meals, relaxation techniques, and correct posture aid emptying.
5. Anal plugs or pads
- Discreet tools for managing symptoms when other treatments are not yet effective.
6. Surgery
- Considered when conservative measures fail or when anatomical defects are present.
- Sphincter repair: for muscle tears, often from childbirth.
- Sacral nerve stimulation: a device that modulates pelvic nerve function.
- Colostomy: rare and usually reserved for severe or intractable cases.
7. Psychological support
- Living with bowel incontinence can lead to shame and isolation.
- Therapy helps address anxiety, depression, or social withdrawal.
In South Africa, treatment is improving but remains inequitably distributed, with better access in private and metropolitan areas. Programmes led by pelvic physiotherapists and NGOs can offer guidance where resources are limited.
Treatment Options for Bowel Incontinence
Treatment success is highly achievable, particularly when patients seek help early.
👉 [Next: Living with Bowel Incontinence – Support and Outlook]
