Causes and Risk Factors of Adenomyosis
The exact cause of adenomyosis remains unclear, but researchers believe a mix of hormonal, genetic, and inflammatory factors may play a role.
Theories Behind Adenomyosis
- Invasion of endometrial tissue
- The endometrial lining may invade the uterine muscle through microscopic tears or during uterine surgery (like C-sections or curettage).
- Developmental origin
- Some experts believe adenomyosis may arise during uterine development in the foetus.
- Inflammation and trauma
- Chronic inflammation or previous trauma to the uterus might lead to abnormal tissue growth.
Risk Factors
- Age 30–50
- History of childbirth
- Previous uterine surgeries (C-section, D&C)
- Endometriosis or fibroids
- High oestrogen levels (hormonal imbalance)
- Family history of adenomyosis or gynaecological conditions
Causes and Risk Factors of Adenomyosis
In South Africa, the prevalence is not well-documented due to diagnostic limitations, but women with long-standing menstrual issues should be evaluated for adenomyosis—especially if other causes have been ruled out.
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Treatment Options for Adenomyosis