Causes and Risk Factors of Appendicitis
Appendicitis usually happens when the appendix becomes blocked, causing bacterial overgrowth, inflammation, and infection. If left untreated, the pressure builds up and may cause the appendix to burst. Let’s review some more about the causes and risk factors of appendicitis below.
Common Causes of Appendix Blockage:
- Fecaliths (hardened stool)
- Swollen lymphoid tissue (often after infection)
- Parasites (less common)
- Foreign bodies (rare)
- Tumours (very rare)
Once blocked, the appendix becomes inflamed. Bacteria multiply rapidly, and the tissue may begin to die, leading to rupture.
Risk Factors:
- Age – Most common between 10 and 30 years
- Male sex – Slightly higher risk than females
- Family history – Genetics may play a role
- Diet low in fibre – May increase risk of stool blockage
- Infections – Viral or gastrointestinal infections may trigger lymphoid swelling
In South Africa, delays in accessing emergency care may increase the risk of appendix rupture, especially in rural or underserved areas. Timely diagnosis is key to reducing complications.
Let’s now explore how appendicitis is diagnosed by healthcare professionals.
👉 [Next: Diagnosis of Appendicitis]
