Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) presents uniquely in every individual, which can make recognising the signs and symptoms challenging. While some signs may be noticeable in early childhood, others become more apparent as a child grows or even later in life. Understanding these traits is key to supporting individuals and ensuring they receive appropriate intervention and understanding.
Early signs of autism in children
Some children may show signs of ASD within the first year of life, while others might develop more typically and then regress.
Common early signs include:
- Limited or no eye contact
- Delayed speech or language development
- Lack of interest in social interactions or play
- Not responding to their name
- Unusual reactions to sensory stimuli (e.g., textures, lights, sounds)
- Engaging in repetitive behaviours like rocking, flapping, or spinning objects
Signs in older children and teens
As children grow, additional traits may become more noticeable, especially in social and learning environments.
These might include:
- Difficulty understanding social cues or body language
- Struggles with making or maintaining friendships
- A strong need for routines and predictability
- Intense focus on specific topics or interests
- Trouble adapting to changes in schedule or environment
- Unusual or monotone speech patterns
Signs of autism in adults
Many adults, especially those with milder symptoms, may not have been diagnosed in childhood. Growing awareness has led to more adults seeking evaluation.
Signs can include:
- Difficulty with social relationships or workplace interactions
- Preference for solitude or structured routines
- Challenges with verbal and nonverbal communication
- Sensory sensitivities (e.g., being overwhelmed in noisy or bright environments)
- Strong attention to detail and deep focus on specialised interests
Sensory sensitivities
Many people with ASD experience sensory processing differences. These sensitivities can be overwhelming and include:
- Aversion to certain sounds, smells, textures, or lights
- Seeking out intense sensory input (e.g., spinning, touching specific textures)
- Difficulty with clothing, loud environments, or bright lighting
Identifying and accommodating these sensitivities is vital to supporting comfort and wellbeing.
Recognising the signs and symptoms of autism spectrum disorder
Identifying signs early allows families and professionals to begin support strategies as soon as possible, often improving outcomes in:
- Communication skills
- Learning and academic development
- Emotional regulation
- Social confidence and independence
If you suspect a child or adult may be displaying signs of ASD, it’s important to seek guidance from a qualified healthcare provider.
Autism Spectrum Disorder shows up in diverse ways, and no two people with autism are exactly alike. Learning to recognise the early and later signs is not just about getting a diagnosis—it’s about understanding people better. Whether you’re a parent, teacher, friend, or colleague, awareness is the first step to creating a more inclusive world.
Reviewed April 2025. Always consult a professional for individual guidance.
Symptoms of Cataracts in Children
Recognising the Symptoms of Acute Pancreatitis
Autism: The Early Signs to Look Out For
