Symptoms of Cataracts in Children
Symptoms of cataracts in children vary depending on the age of the child, the size and location of the cataract, and whether one or both eyes are affected. Because young children cannot easily communicate their vision issues, recognising symptoms of cataracts in children relies heavily on careful observation by parents, paediatricians, and early childcare providers.
1. Cloudy or White Pupils
One of the most visible signs of cataracts is a white or grey pupil, also known as leukocoria. This may be noticeable in certain lighting conditions or appear in flash photography, where the typical red-eye reflex is absent. Any observation of a white pupil warrants immediate medical attention, as it can also signal other serious eye conditions such as retinoblastoma.
2. Poor Focus or Eye Contact | Symptoms of Cataracts in Children
Infants with cataracts may not fixate on or track faces and objects by the expected age of 6 to 8 weeks. A lack of eye contact or visual engagement is often a first clue that something is affecting the baby’s vision.
3. Misaligned Eyes (Strabismus)
If one eye is more affected than the other, the brain may favour the better-seeing eye, causing the weaker eye to drift. This misalignment can present as a constant or intermittent squint and may be the first external indicator of an underlying cataract.
4. Delayed Development | Symptoms of Cataracts in Children
Children with significant visual impairment may miss key developmental milestones. They might not reach for toys, recognise familiar people, or explore their environment like their peers. These developmental delays may first present as a behavioural concern.
5. Light Sensitivity and Nystagmus
Some children may show signs of photophobia (sensitivity to light) or involuntary eye movement (nystagmus), especially in cases where the cataract significantly reduces clarity. These movements are the brain’s attempt to search for clearer visual input.
Because the brain’s visual pathways are still developing, it’s critical to recognise symptoms of cataracts in children early. Left untreated, cataracts can lead to permanent amblyopia or irreversible vision loss, even if surgery is performed later. Parental awareness, routine eye screenings, and referrals to paediatric ophthalmologists ensure timely diagnosis and better outcomes.
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