Treatment of Conjunctivitis
Treatment of conjunctivitis depends on the underlying cause—viral, bacterial, allergic, or irritant. Each type of conjunctivitis requires a tailored approach, and accurate diagnosis is essential to avoid unnecessary or ineffective treatment. Most cases are mild and self-limiting, but medical intervention may be required for symptom relief or to prevent complications.
Viral Conjunctivitis
There is no specific antiviral treatment for the common viruses that cause conjunctivitis. Management focuses on symptom relief:
Lubricating eye drops can reduce dryness and discomfort.
Cool compresses may soothe inflammation.
Strict hygiene practices are essential to prevent spreading the infection.
Symptoms usually resolve within 7–14 days. Antiviral medication may be needed if herpes simplex virus is involved.
Bacterial Conjunctivitis | Treatment of Conjunctivitis
Many cases clear without antibiotics, but topical antibiotic drops or ointments can speed recovery, especially in moderate to severe cases. Common prescriptions include:
Chloramphenicol
Fusidic acid
Treatment typically lasts for 5–7 days. Contact lens wearers should stop using lenses during treatment and may require different antibiotics due to risk of complications like keratitis.
Allergic Conjunctivitis | Treatment of Conjunctivitis
Treatment focuses on reducing allergic reactions:
Antihistamine eye drops (e.g. olopatadine)
Mast cell stabilisers (e.g. sodium cromoglicate)
Oral antihistamines for systemic symptoms
Avoiding known allergens and using air purifiers or keeping windows closed during high pollen seasons can help prevent flare-ups.
Irritant-Induced Conjunctivitis
Immediate flushing with sterile saline can remove the irritant. If symptoms persist, lubricating drops or anti-inflammatory medications may be prescribed. In cases involving chemical burns, emergency care is needed.
General Care Advice
Do not use contact lenses until fully recovered.
Dispose of or disinfect makeup and contact lens accessories.
Avoid touching or rubbing the eyes.
Wash hands frequently and avoid sharing towels or pillows.
In summary, treatment of conjunctivitis involves a mix of symptom management and targeted medication. With appropriate care and hygiene, most patients recover quickly and completely.
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