Symptoms of Conjunctivitis
Symptoms of conjunctivitis can vary depending on the underlying cause, but all involve inflammation of the conjunctiva. This thin membrane reacts to infections, allergens, or irritants by producing redness, discomfort, and discharge. Recognising these signs early is crucial to determining the appropriate course of treatment for conjunctivitis and avoiding spread, especially in infectious cases.
General Symptoms
Across all types of conjunctivitis, patients typically experience:
Redness in one or both eyes
A gritty, burning, or stinging sensation
Eye discharge, which may be watery or thick and sticky
Itching, especially in allergic conjunctivitis
Increased tearing or watering
Mild swelling of the eyelids
Crusting of the eyelashes, particularly after sleep
These symptoms may appear suddenly or develop over the course of a few days. In viral and bacterial cases, symptoms often start in one eye before spreading to the other.
Viral Conjunctivitis | Symptoms of Conjunctivitis
Symptoms include watery discharge, light sensitivity, and swelling of the lymph nodes near the ears. It may occur alongside cold or flu symptoms. Often, the discomfort is mild, but the eye appears very red and irritated. Viral forms are highly contagious and may linger for up to two weeks.
Bacterial Conjunctivitis
This type presents with a thick, yellow or greenish discharge that can cause the eyelids to stick together, especially upon waking. Redness and discomfort are common, but significant itching is rare. If left untreated, it may worsen or lead to more serious complications.
Allergic Conjunctivitis
Usually affects both eyes and is characterised by intense itching, watery discharge, and eyelid puffiness. It often coincides with seasonal allergy symptoms like sneezing or nasal congestion. Allergic conjunctivitis is not contagious and may persist as long as exposure to the allergen continues.
Irritant-Induced Conjunctivitis | Symptoms of Conjunctivitis
Symptoms develop rapidly after exposure to a chemical or physical irritant and usually resolve within hours once the irritant is removed. However, prolonged or repeated exposure can cause persistent discomfort and damage.
In summary, symptoms of conjunctivitis range from mild irritation to significant discharge and swelling. Identifying the specific characteristics helps in differentiating between viral, bacterial, allergic, and irritant causes, which guides effective management.
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