Broken Rib – Overview
A broken rib refers to a crack or complete fracture in one of the bones of the ribcage. This is often caused by trauma to the chest. A broken rib is painful and potentially dangerous, especially if complications arise involving the lungs, blood vessels, or surrounding tissue. While many rib fractures heal with rest and time. Furthermore, severe cases can result in serious health risks if not identified and managed early.
The ribcage consists of 12 pairs of ribs that protect vital organs such as the lungs and heart. Most rib fractures occur in the middle ribs and usually affect one rib, although multiple ribs can break in high-impact trauma. In older adults, even a minor fall can cause a fracture due to weakened bones.
Common symptoms include sharp, localised chest pain that worsens with movement, deep breaths, coughing, or sneezing. Many people report difficulty sleeping or finding a comfortable position. Unlike arm or leg fractures, ribs cannot be placed in a cast, so healing depends on pain management and allowing the bone to repair itself naturally.
Broken Rib
Diagnosis is made through physical examination and confirmed with X-rays or CT scans if more serious injury is suspected. Rib fractures are classified as simple (clean break), displaced (shifted bone), or complicated (damage to nearby organs).
Treatment for a broken rib focuses on controlling pain and maintaining lung function. Breathing exercises, rest, pain medication, and avoiding strenuous movement are key. In rare cases, especially with multiple fractured ribs, hospitalisation or surgical stabilisation may be required.
Most rib fractures heal within 4 to 6 weeks. Though recovery time may extend in older adults or those with underlying lung conditions. Early diagnosis and proper management help avoid complications such as pneumonia or lung collapse.
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