Causes and Risk Factors of Ankylosing Spondylitis
The exact cause of ankylosing spondylitis remains unclear, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic and immune system factors. Read more about the causes and risk factors of ankylosing spondylitis in the article below.
Genetic Link in the Causes and Risk Factors of Ankylosing Spondylitis
Doctors strongly associate the HLA-B27 gene with AS:
- Around 90% of people with AS carry this gene
- However, not everyone with HLA-B27 develops the disease
Doctors often use the presence of HLA-B27 as part of the diagnostic process, as it is common in certain populations
Other Risks and Causes
- Family history
- Having a first-degree relative with AS increases your risk
- Age and sex
- Most often begins in late adolescence or early adulthood
- More common and often more severe in men
- Chronic gut inflammation
- Doctors associate AS with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), such as Crohn’s or ulcerative colitis
- Infections (theoretical)
- Some researchers believe infections may trigger AS in genetically predisposed individuals
- Environmental factors
- Smoking may worsen symptoms and disease progression
AS is an autoimmune condition, meaning the immune system attacks healthy tissue, particularly in the joints of the spine. The result is ongoing inflammation that can eventually cause bone growth and joint fusion.
Understanding the cause helps tailor treatment and manage lifestyle risks effectively.
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