Causes of Corns
Causes of corns are primarily related to excessive pressure or repeated friction on specific areas of the feet. The skin responds to this mechanical stress by forming a protective layer of thickened skin, which, over time, compacts and develops into a corn. While corns themselves are not a disease, they are often a symptom of an underlying biomechanical issue or poor footwear choices.
Footwear
One of the most common causes is ill-fitting shoes. Tight shoes, especially those with a narrow toe box or high heels, squeeze the toes and create pressure points. On the other hand, shoes that are too loose may cause the foot to slide around, increasing friction. High-heeled shoes also shift weight to the front of the foot, placing excessive stress on the toes.
Foot Abnormalities
Foot deformities such as bunions, hammer toes, and claw toes change the alignment of the foot, causing certain areas to bear more pressure. This uneven distribution of weight increases the likelihood of corns forming on protruding joints or overlapping toes.
Gait Issues | Causes of Corns
People who have an abnormal walking pattern or uneven weight distribution may experience excessive pressure on certain parts of the feet. Over time, this pressure results in localised thickening of the skin. Conditions like flat feet, high arches, or leg length discrepancies may contribute to this imbalance.
Manual Labour and Activity
Activities that involve prolonged standing, walking, or carrying heavy loads can contribute to corn formation, especially when performed in inadequate footwear. Runners and athletes are also prone to corns due to repetitive stress on specific foot areas.
Lack of Socks or Protective Padding | Causes of Corns
Wearing shoes without socks or using socks that are too thin or poorly fitted can result in additional friction. Socks serve as a barrier that reduces the rubbing between shoes and the skin.
To summarise, causes of corns include improper footwear, foot deformities, biomechanical abnormalities, and repetitive friction or pressure. Identifying and addressing the cause is essential for preventing corns from recurring and for relieving discomfort effectively.
