Complications and Prevention of Balanitis
While most cases of balanitis are mild and resolve quickly, ignoring the condition or repeating harmful hygiene practices can lead to complications — especially in recurrent or untreated cases. Read more about the complications and prevention of balanitis below.
Possible complications include:
- Phimosis
- Scarring from repeated inflammation can cause the foreskin to become tight and non-retractable, especially in boys and older men.
- Paraphimosis
- A retracted foreskin may get stuck behind the glans and cause swelling — this is a medical emergency that needs immediate attention.
- Urethral narrowing (meatal stenosis)
- Chronic inflammation can lead to a narrowing of the urinary opening, causing painful urination and urinary retention.
- Recurrent infections
- Untreated balanitis can come back frequently, making the skin more fragile and more susceptible to further infection.
- Increased risk of STIs and HIV
- Inflammation and tiny cracks in the skin may make it easier for viruses or bacteria to enter the body during sexual contact.
- Emotional distress or embarrassment
- Men may avoid sexual activity or relationships due to discomfort or self-consciousness.
Prevention tips:
- Clean the penis daily with warm water (no soap under the foreskin)
- Dry the area thoroughly before dressing
- Avoid using perfumed soaps or genital sprays
- Wear loose-fitting, breathable underwear
- Manage blood sugar if diabetic
- Use condoms to protect against STIs
- Seek medical advice promptly if symptoms occur
In South Africa, awareness about male genital health is growing, but there’s still a stigma that prevents some men from seeking help. Health education campaigns and community outreach can help change attitudes and encourage early care.
Balanitis is common and highly treatable. Taking small steps to maintain hygiene and manage risk factors can make a big difference in prevention and overall confidence.
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