Cystitis – Overview
Cystitis is a common urinary tract condition that refers to inflammation of the bladder, usually caused by a bacterial infection. While anyone can develop cystitis, it is significantly more common in women due to the shorter length of the urethra, which allows bacteria easier access to the bladder. Men, children, and the elderly may also be affected, although it’s less frequent.
Cystitis occurs when bacteria—often Escherichia coli (E. coli), which normally live harmlessly in the bowel—enter the urinary tract and multiply in the bladder. This leads to inflammation, pain, and a range of uncomfortable urinary symptoms. Non-infectious causes of this condition also exist and include bladder irritation from chemicals (e.g., bubble bath, spermicides), long-term catheter use, or radiation therapy.
Cystitis
Although generally not serious in healthy individuals, cystitis can become dangerous if the infection spreads to the kidneys. In people with weakened immune systems, diabetes, or anatomical abnormalities of the urinary tract, complications may arise more easily. Prompt treatment is essential to relieve symptoms and avoid further infection.
Typical symptoms include a burning sensation when urinating, frequent urges to urinate, cloudy or foul-smelling urine, and lower abdominal pain. Some people may also experience blood in the urine (haematuria), fatigue, or a mild fever.
In summary, cystitis is a bladder inflammation that most commonly results from infection. It is often mild and treatable, but it should not be ignored, especially in vulnerable individuals. Early diagnosis and proper care usually lead to a swift recovery.
