Diagnosis and Evaluation of Broken Ankle
The diagnosis and evaluation of broken ankle injuries require a detailed medical examination and imaging tests to determine the extent of damage. An accurate diagnosis and evaluation of broken ankle conditions is key to selecting the most effective treatment plan and preventing long-term issues.
1. Clinical history and physical exam
Doctors will ask how the injury occurred and examine the ankle for:
- Swelling
- Bruising
- Tenderness
- Deformity
- Range of motion and stability
In some cases, they’ll check for open wounds or signs of nerve or blood vessel damage.
2. Imaging tests
- X-rays are the standard tool for confirming a fracture and determining which bones are broken.
- CT scans provide a more detailed view, especially for complex or joint-involving fractures.
- MRI scans may be used if soft tissue injuries (like ligament or tendon tears) are suspected alongside the break.
3. Fracture classification
Doctors classify ankle fractures by:
- Doctors identify the broken bones: lateral malleolus, medial malleolus, and posterior malleolus
- Doctors assess if the break is displaced or non-displaced
- Doctors check whether the injury also affects ligaments and joints
4. Assessing severity
This includes checking whether surgery is necessary and evaluating the potential impact on weight-bearing.
. Open fractures (where bone pierces the skin) are medical emergencies requiring urgent surgical care.
In South Africa, most hospitals and orthopaedic clinics in major cities can perform these evaluations. In rural areas, doctors often stabilise patients and refer them to regional hospitals with imaging and surgical capabilities.
Doctors diagnose and evaluate broken ankle injuries to choose the right treatment, which may range from simple casting to complex surgery. The goal is to restore stability, prevent arthritis, and promote full mobility.
👉 [Next: Treatment Options for Broken Ankle]
