Diagnosis of a Broken Rib
Diagnosis of a Broken Rib involves a thorough clinical evaluation. Supported by imaging to confirm the presence, type, and severity of the fracture. A timely and accurate diagnosis of a broken rib helps guide treatment, reduce pain. Additionally, prevent complications such as lung damage or infection.
A doctor begins by taking a full medical history. Furthermore, asking about the injury, symptoms, and any previous rib or lung issues. The physical examination focuses on the chest area — checking for tenderness, swelling, bruising, deformity, and breathing patterns.
Palpation of the ribs (pressing gently along the ribcage) helps localise the break. The doctor may also listen to lung sounds using a stethoscope to ensure proper airflow and rule out fluid accumulation or pneumothorax (collapsed lung).
Standard X-rays are commonly used to confirm rib fractures. However, small cracks may not always appear clearly on X-rays. In cases of persistent pain with a negative X-ray. A CT scan is often more accurate and can identify hidden fractures and associated injuries.
A chest X-ray may also reveal complications such as a collapsed lung, haemothorax (blood in the chest cavity), or fluid build-up. In patients with breathing difficulty or signs of internal injury, imaging of the abdomen and lungs may be included.
Diagnosis of a Broken Rib
Ultrasound may be used in specific settings to evaluate rib fractures and pleural effusions (fluid around the lungs). Particularly in emergency or rural environments where CT scans are not available.
For stress fractures caused by coughing or overuse, imaging may be delayed if symptoms are mild. However, persistent pain usually warrants further investigation.
In older patients or those with bone disease, bone density scans may also be recommended to assess fracture risk and guide future preventative strategies.
A proper diagnosis of a broken rib ensures the patient receives the right care plan — whether conservative pain control or more intensive treatment for serious complications.
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