Diagnosis of Ganglion Cyst
The diagnosis of ganglion cyst is typically based on a physical examination and medical history. In most cases, ganglion cysts can be identified by their location, texture, and how they respond to pressure. However, further imaging may be needed to confirm the diagnosis or rule out other conditions.
Clinical Evaluation
The doctor will begin by:
Asking about symptoms, including pain, numbness, or weakness
Noting the location, shape, and size of the lump
Checking whether the cyst moves or changes size when the joint is used
Doctors perform a transillumination test by shining a light through the lump to confirm whether it is fluid-filled
This process often provides enough information for a preliminary diagnosis.
Imaging Tests
If the diagnosis is unclear or doctors need to plan surgery, they may order imaging tests such as:
1. Ultrasound
Confirms the fluid-filled nature of the cyst
Helps distinguish a ganglion cyst from a solid tumour or other soft-tissue mass
Doctors find this useful for identifying cysts deep in the wrist or foot that aren’t easily visible
2. MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)
Provides detailed images of soft tissues, tendons, and joints
Doctors may use this approach if symptoms suggest nerve compression or if they are considering surgery
Helps rule out rare causes of lumps, such as lipomas, neuromas, or tumours
Needle Aspiration (Occasionally Diagnostic)
Doctors use small needles in certain cases to:
Remove fluid from the lump
Examine its appearance and consistency
Provide temporary symptom relief
The extracted fluid from a ganglion cyst is typically clear and jelly-like, helping confirm the diagnosis.
Differential Diagnosis
Other conditions that may resemble a ganglion cyst include:
Lipomas (fatty tumours)
Rheumatoid nodules
Bone spurs or arthritis-related swellings
Infections or abscesses in rare cases
Diagnosis of Ganglion Cyst
A correct diagnosis of ganglion cyst ensures the most effective management strategy and helps prevent unnecessary concern or treatment delays.
