Symptoms of Generalised Anxiety Disorder
The symptoms of generalised anxiety disorder extend far beyond simple worry. Generalised anxiety disorder affects both the mind and body, creating a wide array of emotional, cognitive, and physical symptoms that often persist for months or even years. The hallmark symptom is excessive, uncontrollable worry that occurs more days than not for at least six months.
Psychological and Emotional Symptoms
Persistent worry about multiple aspects of life (e.g. health, work, relationships, finances)
Feelings of dread or a constant sense that something bad is going to happen
Difficulty concentrating or a sense that the mind is “going blank”
Irritability, often stemming from inner restlessness or exhaustion
Low mood or hopelessness, especially when anxiety feels unmanageable
People with GAD often describe feeling mentally “wired” or stuck in a loop of “what if” thoughts. These thoughts are not fleeting — they dominate attention and prevent individuals from focusing on the present moment.
Physical Symptoms
The body responds to chronic anxiety as if it’s in a constant state of threat. As a result, people with GAD may experience:
Muscle tension, especially in the neck, shoulders, and jaw
Fatigue, even after adequate sleep
Headaches or migraines
Digestive issues, including nausea, bloating, or diarrhoea
Rapid heartbeat or heart palpitations
Sweating or cold hands
Light-headedness or feeling faint
Difficulty falling or staying asleep
These physical symptoms can lead individuals to believe they have a medical condition, resulting in frequent GP visits or health anxiety.
Behavioural Symptoms
Avoidance of situations that may trigger anxiety
Over-preparing or rehearsing conversations and events in detail
Seeking constant reassurance from others
Procrastination due to fear of failure or uncertainty
Social withdrawal, especially when anxiety is overwhelming
Children and teenagers may show symptoms differently. They might complain of stomach aches, become clingy, refuse to go to school, or have sudden outbursts of emotion.
Fluctuation of Symptoms
The intensity of symptoms can vary from day to day. Some people experience “good days” with manageable anxiety, followed by periods of intense worry. This inconsistency can be frustrating and confusing, especially when there’s no clear reason for the change.
Functional Impact
Living with GAD can interfere with daily life:
Productivity at work or school may decline
Relationships may suffer due to emotional withdrawal or irritability
Enjoyment of hobbies or leisure activities often decreases
Ongoing anxiety may lead to burnout, depression, or panic attacks
Symptoms of Generalised Anxiety Disorder
Recognising the symptoms of generalised anxiety disorder early is critical for diagnosis and intervention. Left untreated, the disorder can significantly diminish quality of life — but with proper support, individuals can learn to manage symptoms and regain a sense of control.
