Mental Matters

Health Conditions

Find information on various health conditions affecting people of all ages. This category covers causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and management options for physical illnesses and chronic diseases. Get insights to help you understand different health challenges and make informed decisions about your wellbeing.

Antique anatomical illustration of the human abdomen showing kidneys, spine, and surrounding tissues.

Diagnosis of Astigmatism

Astigmatism, Health Conditions /

Diagnosis of Astigmatism Astigmatism is usually detected during a routine eye exam by an optometrist or ophthalmologist. The diagnosis of astigmatism involves several tests that assess vision clarity and eye shape. 1. Visual Acuity Test 2. Keratometry 3. Corneal Topography 4. Refraction Test 5. Autorefractor or Aberrometer Astigmatism can occur in children and may affect learning and reading. In South Africa, school vision screenings are becoming more common, but early detection still relies heavily on parental observation and regular optometrist visits. 👉 [Next: Treatment for Astigmatism] Diagnosis of Cataracts in Adults Causes and Types of Astigmatism Complications of Untreated Astigmatism Astigmatism

Diagnosis of Astigmatism Read More »

Treatment for Astigmatism

Treatment for Astigmatism

Astigmatism, Health Conditions /

Treatment for Astigmatism Astigmatism can be effectively corrected, allowing clear and comfortable vision. The treatment for astigmatism chosen depends on the severity, type, lifestyle needs, and whether it coexists with other vision problems. 1. Eyeglasses 2. Contact Lenses 3. Refractive Surgery 4. Orthokeratology (Ortho-K) In South Africa, most optical practices offer toric lenses, refractive surgery consultations, and affordable glasses. Public clinics may offer basic correction, but surgery and contact lenses are usually private. 👉 [Next: Complications of Untreated Astigmatism] Spec-Savers East London Causes and Types of Astigmatism Diagnosis of Astigmatism Astigmatism

Treatment for Astigmatism Read More »

Complications of Untreated Astigmatism

Complications of Untreated Astigmatism

Astigmatism, Health Conditions /

Complications of Untreated Astigmatism Although astigmatism is not life-threatening, untreated or poorly corrected astigmatism can significantly affect quality of life, especially in children and students. Learn more about the complications of untreated astigmatism below. 1. Blurred or Distorted Vision 2. Eye Strain and Headaches 3. Learning and Behavioural Challenges in Children 4. Amblyopia (Lazy Eye) 5. Driving and Safety Risks 6. Reduced Quality of Life Prevention and Management Astigmatism is highly manageable with early detection and the right correction method. Most people go on to have clear, comfortable vision with minimal effort. 👉 End of Series | Back to Overview Complications of Atrial Fibrillation Causes and Types of Astigmatism Diagnosis of Astigmatism Treatment for Astigmatism

Complications of Untreated Astigmatism Read More »

Asthma

Asthma

Asthma, Health Conditions /

Asthma Overview Asthma is a chronic condition that affects the airways in the lungs, causing them to become inflamed and narrowed. Which makes breathing difficult. It is a common respiratory illness, affecting people of all ages, and can vary from mild to life-threatening. During an attack, the muscles around the airways tighten, the lining swells, and mucus production increases. Which restricts airflow and causes classic symptoms. Common symptoms include: These symptoms may be intermittent or persistent. Furthermore, they often worsen with triggers such as exercise, cold air, allergens, infections, or air pollution. In South Africa, environmental factors like dust, smoke, and urban pollution are common triggers, especially in children. Although there is no cure for asthma, it can be effectively managed with medications and lifestyle changes. Allowing most people to live full and active lives. 👉 [Next: Causes and Triggers of Asthma] Treatment for Asthma Complications of Asthma Asthma and Allergy Clinic Parktown Diagnosis of Asthma

Asthma Read More »

Causes and Triggers of Asthma

Causes and Triggers of Asthma

Asthma, Health Conditions /

Causes and Triggers of Asthma Asthma arises from a combination of genetic and environmental factors that affect the immune system and the airways. While the exact causes and triggers of asthma are unknown, certain risk factors increase the chance of developing asthma. 1. Genetic Factors 2. Environmental Triggers Exposure to certain irritants or allergens can trigger asthma symptoms or cause an asthma attack. Common triggers include: 3. Respiratory Infections 4. Exercise and Weather Changes 5. Emotional Stress In South Africa, asthma may be worsened by indoor cooking smoke, dusty living conditions, and industrial pollution, particularly in informal settlements or densely populated urban areas. Understanding and managing triggers is a crucial part of asthma control. 👉 [Next: Diagnosis of Asthma] Causes of Bronchitis Asthma and Allergy Clinic Parktown Causes of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Asthma Complications of Asthma

Causes and Triggers of Asthma Read More »

Diagnosis of Asthma

Diagnosis of Asthma

Asthma, Health Conditions /

Diagnosis of Asthma Diagnosis of asthma involves a thorough medical history, physical examination, and lung function tests. The goal is to confirm reversible airway obstruction and rule out other causes of breathing difficulties. 1. Medical History The healthcare provider will ask about: 2. Physical Examination 3. Lung Function Tests a) Spirometry b) Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF) 4. Other Tests In South Africa, spirometry is commonly done in GP practices, clinics, and specialist respiratory centres. Early diagnosis in children is especially important to prevent long-term lung damage. 👉 [Next: Treatment for Asthma] Causes and Triggers of Asthma Complications of Asthma Asthma and Allergy Clinic Parktown Asthma

Diagnosis of Asthma Read More »

Treatment for Asthma

Treatment for Asthma

Asthma, Health Conditions /

Treatment for Asthma Asthma treatment focuses on controlling symptoms, preventing flare-ups, and maintaining normal activity levels. Management includes both medication and lifestyle adjustments. Learn more about the treatment for asthma below. 1. Controller (Preventer) Medications Used daily to reduce inflammation in the airways and prevent symptoms: 2. Reliever (Rescue) Medications Used during asthma attacks or sudden symptoms: 3. Emergency Treatment In severe cases: 4. Asthma Action Plan 5. Lifestyle Measures 6. Education and Follow-Up In South Africa, most asthma medications are available through public clinics and pharmacies. The National Asthma Education Programme provides support and resources for schools and patients. 👉 [Next: Complications of Asthma] Asthma Asthma and Allergy Clinic Parktown Diagnosis of Asthma Treatment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Treatment for Asthma Read More »

Complications of Asthma

Complications of Asthma

Asthma, Health Conditions /

Complications of Asthma If poorly managed, asthma can lead to serious complications that may affect long-term health, independence, and quality of life. Learn more about the complications of asthma below. 1. Severe Asthma Attacks 2. Frequent Hospitalisations 3. Permanent Lung Damage 4. Sleep Disturbances 5. Mental Health Impact 6. Reduced Physical Fitness Preventing Complications With proper care, asthma can be controlled, allowing individuals to live active, healthy lives. In South Africa, ongoing efforts aim to increase awareness, access to treatment, and school-based education to reduce asthma-related deaths. 👉 End of Series | Back to Overview Treatment for Asthma Asthma and Allergy Clinic Parktown Diagnosis of Asthma Causes and Triggers of Asthma

Complications of Asthma Read More »

Aspergillosis

Aspergillosis

Aspergillosis, Health Conditions /

Aspergillosis Overview Aspergillosis is a disease caused by Aspergillus, a common type of mould (fungus) that lives in the environment — especially in soil, decaying vegetation, dust, and indoor air. Most people breathe in Aspergillus spores daily without getting sick. However, in people with weakened immune systems or lung disease, the spores can cause serious infections or allergic reactions. There are different types of aspergillosis, ranging from mild to life-threatening: Common symptoms: This condition is especially concerning in HIV/AIDS patients, transplant recipients, or people undergoing chemotherapy. In South Africa, rising rates of TB-related lung damage and immunosuppression make chronic and invasive aspergillosis a growing concern. 👉 [Next: Causes and Risk Factors of Aspergillosis] Andy Blecher Podiatrist Plumstead Treatment for Aspergillosis Complications of Aspergillosis Diagnosis of Aspergillosis

Aspergillosis Read More »

Causes and Risk Factors of Aspergillosis

Causes and Risk Factors of Aspergillosis

Aspergillosis, Health Conditions /

Causes and Risk Factors of Aspergillosis Aspergillosis is caused by inhaling airborne spores of the Aspergillus fungus. In healthy people, the immune system destroys the spores before they cause harm. But in vulnerable individuals, the spores may colonise the airways or spread into lung tissue and the bloodstream. Learn more about the causes and risk factors of aspergillosis below. Causes by Type: Risk Factors: In South Africa, post-TB lung cavities are a leading factor in aspergilloma and CPA cases. Hospitals also monitor invasive cases in oncology and transplant wards. 👉 [Next: Diagnosis of Aspergillosis] Causes of a Broken Back Treatment for Aspergillosis Complications of Aspergillosis

Causes and Risk Factors of Aspergillosis Read More »

Scroll to Top